Rút gọn các biểu thức sau :
a) A= \(\sqrt{18}\) . \(\sqrt{2}\) - \(\sqrt{48}\) : \(\sqrt{3}\)
b)B= \(\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{5}-1}\) + \(\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{5}+1}\)
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Q = (1 - \(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-4a}{1-4a}\)) : \(\left[1-\dfrac{1+2a-2\sqrt{a}\left(2\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{1-4a}\right]\)
= \(\left(\dfrac{1-4a-\sqrt{a}+4a}{1-4a}\right):\left[\dfrac{1-4a-1-2a+4a+2\sqrt{a}}{1-4a}\right]\)
= \(\dfrac{1-\sqrt{a}}{1-4a}:\left(\dfrac{-2a+2\sqrt{a}}{1-4a}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{1-\sqrt{a}}{1-4a}.\dfrac{1-4a}{2\sqrt{a}\left(1-\sqrt{a}\right)}\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}\) = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{2a}\)
Ta có: \(\left(x^2+x-2\right)^2+2x^2+2x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x-2\right)^2+2\left(x^2+x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x-2+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x+1=0\\x^2+x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\\\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\\x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
Bạn đặt ẩn phụ \(t=x^2+x-2\left(t\ge-\dfrac{9}{4}\right)\) thì pt thành \(t^2+2t=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) (nhận cả 2 nghiệm)
Nếu \(t=0\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-2=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu \(t=-2\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-2=-2\Leftrightarrow x^2+x=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt đã cho có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{-2;-1;0;1\right\}\)
Lời giải;
Vế 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$2=(x^2+y^2)(1+1)\geq (x+y)^2\Rightarrow x+y\leq \sqrt{2}$
$x^3+\frac{x}{2}\geq \sqrt{2}x^2$
$y^3+\frac{y}{2}\geq \sqrt{2}y^2$
$\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+\frac{x+y}{2}\geq \sqrt{2}(x^2+y^2)=\sqrt{2}$
$\Rightarrow x^3+y^3\geq \sqrt{2}-\frac{x+y}{2}\geq \sqrt{2}-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$
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Vế 2:
$x^2+y^2=1$
$\Rightarrow x^2=1-y^2\leq 1\Rightarrow -1\leq x\leq 1$
$y^2=1-x^2\leq 1\Rightarrow -1\leq y\leq 1$
$\Rightarrow x^3\leq x^2; y^3\leq y^2$
$\Rightarrow x^3+y^3\leq x^2+y^2$ hay $x^3+y^3\leq 1$
a) \(A=\sqrt{18}.\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{48}:\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{18.2}-\sqrt{48:3}\)
\(=\sqrt{36}-\sqrt{16}=6-4=2\)
b) \(B=\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{5}-1}+\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{5}+1}=\dfrac{8\sqrt{5}+8+8\sqrt{5}-8}{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right).\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)}=\dfrac{16\sqrt{5}}{4}=4\sqrt{5}\)