a, n_H⁺ = n_HCl + 2n_H2SO4 = 0,4.1 + 2.0,4.2 = 2 (mol)

Giả sử hh chỉ gồm Mg.

\(\Rightarrow n_{Mg}=\dfrac{12,9}{24}=0,5375\left(mol\right)\)

Xét: \(Mg+2H^+\rightarrow Mg^{2+}+H_2\)

có \(\dfrac{0,5375}{1}< \dfrac{2}{2}\) ta được H⁺ dư, mà n_hh max → dd C còn acid dư.

b, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=3x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 3x.24 + 56x + 65y = 21,9 (1)

Có: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}+n_{Zn}=3x+x+y=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,15.24}{12,9}.100\%\approx27,9\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,05.56}{12,9}.100\%\approx21,7\%\\\%m_{Zn}\approx50,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, Giả sử hỗn hợp chỉ gồm Zn.

Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{21}{65}\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{\dfrac{21}{65}}{1}>\dfrac{0,6}{2}\), ta được KL dư, mà n_hh min → A không tan hết.

b, Sửa đề: Cu → CuO

 \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{40}{80}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ m _rắn = m_Cu + m_CuO = 0,3.64 + 0,2.80 = 35,2 (g)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{12,395}{24,79}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) 

x        2x                 x           x 

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

y             2y            y            y 

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

z           2z              z              z 

\(ZnCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Zn\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)

x                2x                2x               x

\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\)

y                 2y                  y                2y

\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\)

z                    2z                 z                   2z

\(Zn\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)ZnO+H_2O\)

x                             x             x 

\(4Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)

y                               0,5y             y 

\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)MgO+H_2O\)

z                             z                  z

Ta có Hệ PT:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=0,5\\65x+56y+24z=20,9\\81x+80y+40z=22\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn check lại đề có sai ở đâu k nha chứ bậm nghiệm k ra.

Ta có: 65n_Zn + 56n_Fe + 24n_Mg = 20,9 (1)

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+n_{Fe}+n_{Mg}=\dfrac{12,395}{24,79}=0,5\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

PT: \(ZnCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Zn\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)

\(Zn\left(OH\right)_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2ZnO_2+2H_2O\)

\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}+2NaCl\)

\(4Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)

\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}+2NaCl\)

\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}\\n_{MgO}=n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ran}=m_{Fe_2O_3}+m_{MgO}=160.\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}+40n_{Mg}=22\left(g\right)\left(3\right)\)

Từ (1), (2) và (3) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,25.24=6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,958}{24,79}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)

Do MgO, CuO, Fe2O3 có tỉ lệ mol = nhau, 1 mol Fe2O3 cần 3 mol H2 .

=> nMgO = nCuO= nFe2O3 = 0,05(mol)

\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)

0,05         0,1 

\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)

0,05         0,1 

\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)

0,05          0,3

\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,5}{1}=0,5\left(l\right)\)

H₂ không khử được MgO em nhé.

ko biết nha bé

Vì nó không được tiếp xúc với không khí mát mẻ

\(n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(C_2H_2+\dfrac{5}{2}O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+H_2O\)

0,3        0,75             0,6          0,3

\(b,V_{O_2}=0,75.24,79=18,5925\left(l\right)\)

\(c,m_{CO_2}=0,6.44=26,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2O}=0,3.18=5,4\left(g\right)\)

a:

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

 \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

0,2        0,6         0,2         0,3

\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2\left(27+35,5\cdot3\right)=26,7\left(g\right)\)

b: \(100ml=0,1\left(lít\right)\)

\(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0.6}{1}=0,6\left(\dfrac{mol}{lít}\right)\)

c: \(n_{H_2}=3\cdot\dfrac{0.2}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

=>\(V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(lít\right)\)

\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{32}{64}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{AgNO_3}=2.0,16=0,32\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

\(Cu+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2Ag\)

0,125       0,25           0,125           0,25

Số mol Cu phản ứng :

\(n_{Cu\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{51-32}{2.108-64}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)

a,\(C_{M\left(Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,125}{2}=\dfrac{1}{16}\left(M\right)\)

\(C_{M\left(AgNO_3dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,32-0,25}{2}=\dfrac{7}{200}\left(M\right)\)

Câu b để mình suy nghĩ sau:)

a, BaO, CO2, N2O5, Na2O, P2O5

\(BaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2\)

\(CO_2+H_2O⇌H_2CO_3\)

\(N_2O_5+H_2O\rightarrow2HNO_3\)

\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)

\(P_2O_5+3H_2O\rightarrow2H_3PO_4\)

b, BaO, Na2O, ZnO, CuO, Fe2O3

\(BaO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+H_2O\)

\(Na_2O+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)

\(ZnO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2O\)

\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

c, CO2, N2O5, P2O5

\(CO_2+K_2O\rightarrow K_2CO_3\)

\(N_2O_5+K_2O\rightarrow2KNO_3\)

\(3K_2O+P_2O_5\rightarrow2K_3PO_4\)

d, CO2, N2O5, P2O5 

\(CO_2+2KOH\rightarrow K_2CO_3+H_2O\)

\(N_2O_5+2KOH\rightarrow2KNO_3+H_2O\)

\(P_2O_5+6KOH\rightarrow2K_3PO_4+3H_2O\)

e, BaO, Na2O, ZnO,CuO

\(BaO+CO_2\rightarrow BaCO_3\)

\(Na_2O+CO_2\rightarrow Na_2CO_3\)

\(ZnO+CO_2\rightarrow ZnCO_3\)

\(CuO+CO_2\rightarrow CuCO_3\)

a.

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaCO_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCO_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo đề có hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}100x+84y=4,68\\x+y=\dfrac{1,2395}{24,79}=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,03\\y=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,03.100=3\left(g\right),m_{MgCO_3}=0,02.84=1,68\left(g\right)\)

b.

\(CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)}{0,25}=0,4\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,2395}{24,79}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)

x                2x             x             x           x 

\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)

y                    2y             y            y             y 

Có hệ PT:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}100x+84y=4,68\\x+y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=0,03;y=0,02\)

\(a,m_{CaCO_3}=0,03.100=3\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{MgCO_3}=4,68-3=1,68\left(g\right)\)

b, \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,25}=\dfrac{2}{5}\left(M\right)\)

\(C_{M\left(CaCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,03}{0,25}=\dfrac{3}{25}\left(M\right)\)

\(C_{M\left(MgCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,25}=\dfrac{2}{25}\left(M\right)\)