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\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{4,9}{98}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ a,n_{NaOH}=n_{H_2O}2.0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\ b,C1:n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ m_{sp}=m_{Na_2SO_4}+m_{H_2O}=0,05.142+18.0,1=8,9\left(g\right)\\ C2:m_{sp}=m_{H_2SO_4}+m_{NaOH}=4,9+4=8,9\left(g\right)\)
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(H_2+CuO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,25}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,25-0,2=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,05.80=4\left(g\right)\)
a, PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,2}{27}=\dfrac{17}{45}\left(mol\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=\dfrac{17}{60}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=\dfrac{17}{60}.22,4\approx6,347\left(l\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{17}{90}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{17}{90}.102\approx19,267\left(g\right)\)
d, PT: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=\dfrac{17}{30}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_3}=\dfrac{17}{30}.158\approx89,53\left(g\right)\)
a.b.c.
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25mol\)
\(2H_2+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2H_2O\)
0,25 0,125 0,25 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=n.22,4=0,125.22,4=2,8l\)
\(m_{H_2O}=n.M=0,25.18=4,5g\)
d.
\(S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\)
0,125 0,125 ( mol )
\(V_{SO_2}=n.22,4=0,125.22,4=2,8l\)
2Na+2H2O->2NaOH+H2
x-------------------x---------0,5x
2K+2H2O->2KOH+H2
y-----------------y-----------0,5y
nH2O=2n H2
=>mH2O=\(\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}2.18\)=7,2g
Ta có :\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23x+39y=11,6\\0,5x+0,5y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,25 mol, y=0,15 mol
=>m bazo=0,25.40+0,15.56=18,4g
d) m Na=0,25.23=5,75g
=>m K=0,15.39=5,85g
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
gọi nNa :a , nk :b (a,b>0)
=> 23a+39b=11,6(g)
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
a \(\dfrac{1}{2}a\)
\(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\)
b \(\dfrac{1}{2}b\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23a+39b=11,6\\\dfrac{1}{2}a+\dfrac{1}{2}b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a= 0,25 , b = 0,15(mol)
theo pt nH2O = 0,4+0,4=0,8(mol)
=> mH2O = 0,8.18=14,4(g)
theo pthh : nKOH = 0,15 , nNaOH = 0,25
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{KOH}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\\m_{NaOH}=0,25.40=10\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_K=0,15.39=5,85\left(g\right)\\m_{Na}=0,25.23=5,75\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, - Hiện tượng: Xuất hiện kết tủa trắng xanh.
b, \(m_{NaOH}=200.16\%=32\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{32}{40}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2NaOH+FeCl_2\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}+2NaCl\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,8\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,4.90=36\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{NaCl}=0,8.58,5=46,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2mol\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)
0,2 2/15 1/15 ( mol )
Sắt từ oxit
\(V_{kk}=\dfrac{2}{15}.22,4.5=14,93l\)
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}.232=15,46g\)
nFe = 11,2 . 56 = 0,2 (mol)
pthh 3Fe + 2O2 -t--> Fe3O4
0,2-->0,13---->0,67 (mol)
sat tu oxit
=> VKK = (0,13 .22,4 ) : 1/5 = 14,56 (l)
=> mFe3O4 = 0,67 . 232=155,44 (g)
a: \(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
b: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n_{H_2O}=2\cdot0.15=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n_{NaOH}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=0.15\cdot40=6\left(g\right)\)
a) 2NaOH + CO2 --> Na2CO3 + H2O
b) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2NaOH + CO2 --> Na2CO3 + H2O
______0,3<---0,15------->0,15------>0,15
=> mNaOH = 0,3.40 = 12 (g)
c) msp = 0,15.106 + 0,15.18 = 18,6(g)