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nNaOH = 0,1.2 = 0,2 (mol)
PTHH: CH3COOH + NaOH --> CH3COONa + H2O
0,2<--------0,2
=> \(C_{M\left(dd.CH_3COOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=\dfrac{4}{3}M\)
nNaOH = 0,1 . 2 = 0,2 (mol)
PTHH: CH3COOH + NaOH -> CH3COONa + H2O
nCH3COOH = nNaOH = 0,2 (mol)
CM(CH3COOH) = 0,2/0,15 = 1,33M
a) nCH3COOH= 0,4(mol)
PTHH: CH3COOH + NaOH -> CH3COONa + H2O
0,4____________0,4(mol)
=> mNaOH=0,4. 40=16(g)
b) nCH3COOH= 1(mol)
nC2H5OH= 100/46= 50/23(mol)
Vì : 1/1< 50/23 :1
=> C2H5OH dư, CH3COOH hết, tính theo nCH3COOH.
PTHH: CH3COOH + C2H5OH \(⇌\) CH3COOC2H5 + H2O (đk: H+ , nhiệt độ)
Ta có: nCH3COOC2H5(thực tế)= 0,625(mol)
Mà theo LT: nCH3COOC2H5(LT)= nCH3COOH=1(mol)
=>H= (0,625/1).100=62,5%
a, \(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CH_3COOH+KOH\rightarrow CH_3COOK+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COOH}=n_{KOH}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{CH_3COOH}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,5}=0,3\left(M\right)\)
b, \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2CH_3COOH+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2CH_3COONa+CO_2+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{2}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được Na2CO3 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CH_3COOH}=0,075\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)
n NaOH = 2 n CO 2 = 1,12x2 /22,4 = 0,1 (mol)
Nồng độ mol của dung dịch NaOH là 1M.
300ml = 0,3l
\(n_{HNO3}=1.0,3=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(NaOH+HNO_3\rightarrow NaNO_3+H_2O|\)
1 1 1 1
0,3 0,3 0,3
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
200ml = 0,2l
\(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{NaNO3}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{NaNO3}=0,3.85=25,5\left(g\right)\)
Sau phản ứng :
\(V_{dd}=0,2+0,3=0,5\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{NaNO3}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{HNO_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(NaOH+HNO_3\rightarrow NaNO_3+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{NaNO_3}=n_{HNO_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow CM_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)
\(m_{NaNO_3}=0,3.85=25,5\left(g\right)\)
1) \(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,78}{78}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6NaOH\rightarrow3Na_2SO_4+2Al\left(OH\right)_3\)
0,03<----------------------0,01
=> nNaOH min = 0,03 (mol)
=> \(C_{M\left(NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,03}{0,2}=0,15M\)
2) \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{5,1}{102}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,3.0,25=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(6NaOH+Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\rightarrow3Na_2SO_4+2Al\left(OH\right)_3\)
0,45<------0,075-------------------------->0,15
\(NaOH+Al\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow NaAlO_2+2H_2O\)
0,05<----0,05
\(2Al\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
0,1<-------0,05
=> nNaOH max = 0,5 (mol)
=> \(V_{dd}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)=250\left(ml\right)\)
3)
\(n_{KOH\left(1\right)}=0,15.1,2=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{4,68}{78}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{AlCl_3}=0,1.x\left(mol\right)\)
Do khi cho KOH tác dụng với dd Y xuất hiện kết tủa
=> Trong Y chứa AlCl3 dư
PTHH: \(3KOH+AlCl_3\rightarrow3KCl+Al\left(OH\right)_3\)
0,18---->0,06----------------->0,06
\(n_{KOH\left(2\right)}=0,175.1,2=0,21\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{2,34}{78}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(3KOH+AlCl_3\rightarrow3KCl+Al\left(OH\right)_3\)
(0,3x-0,18)<--(0,1x-0,06)------->(0,1x-0,06)
\(KOH+Al\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow KAlO_2+2H_2O\)
(0,1x-0,09)<-(0,1x-0,09)
=> \(\left(0,3x-0,18\right)+\left(0,1x-0,09\right)=0,21\)
=> x = 1,2
CH3COOH+NaOH->CH3COONa+H2O
0,4---------------0,4
n CH3COOH=0,4 mol
=>CM NaOH=\(\dfrac{0,4}{0,1}=4M\)