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\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0=>x^2+y^2\ge2xy\\\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0=>x^2+y^2\ge-2xy\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+xy\ge5xy\\2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+xy\ge-3xy\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1\ge5xy\\1\ge-3xy\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{1}{3}\le xy\le\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Ta có:
P=\(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-4x^2y^2+2+\left(x^2+y^2+2xy\right)\)
P= \(\dfrac{2\left(1-xy\right)^2}{4}-4\left(xy\right)^2+2+\left(\dfrac{1-xy}{2}+2xy\right)\)
=\(\dfrac{\left(xy\right)^2-2xy+1}{2}-4\left(xy\right)^2+2+\dfrac{3xy}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Đặt t = xy => \(-\dfrac{1}{3}\le t\le\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Ta có :
P= \(\dfrac{-7t^2}{2}+\dfrac{t}{2}+3=-\dfrac{7}{2}\left(t-\dfrac{1}{14}\right)^2+\dfrac{169}{56}\)
Ta có: \(-\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{14}\le t-\dfrac{1}{14}\le\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{14}\)
<=>\(-\dfrac{17}{42}\le t-\dfrac{1}{14}\le\dfrac{9}{70}\)
=> 0\(\le\left(t-\dfrac{1}{14}\right)^2\le\left(\dfrac{17}{42}\right)^2\)
\(\dfrac{169}{56}\ge P\ge\dfrac{169}{56}-\dfrac{7}{2}\left(\dfrac{17}{42}\right)^2\)
Max P= \(\dfrac{169}{56}\) => t = 1/14 => \(xy=\dfrac{1}{14}\rightarrow x^2+y^2=\dfrac{13}{14}\) => x,y=...
Min P=\(\dfrac{169}{56}-\dfrac{7}{6}\left(\dfrac{17}{42}\right)^2\) <=> \(t=xy=-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
<=> x=-y=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
1) Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + \(2\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\ge\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(b+d\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(ac+bd\le\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Nếu : ac + bd < 0 : BĐT luôn đúng
Nếu : ac + bd \(\ge\) 0 : Thì (1) tương đương
( ac + bd )2 \(\le\) ( a2 + b2 )( c2 + d2 )
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(ac\right)^2+\left(bd\right)^2+2abcd\le\left(ac\right)^2+\left(ad\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(bd\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(ad\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2-2abcd\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(ad-bc\right)^2\ge0\) , luôn đúng , vậy bài toán được chứng minh
2) Chọn :\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\cos x.\cos y\\c=2\sin x.\sin y\\b=d=\sin\left(x-y\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ câu 1) ta có :
\(\sqrt{4\cos^2x.\cos^2y+\sin^2\left(x-y\right)}+\sqrt{4\sin^2x.\sin^2y+\sin^2\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(2\cos x.\cos y+2\sin x.\sin y\right)^2+\left(2\sin\left(x-y\right)\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{4\cos^2\left(x-y\right)+4\sin^2\left(x-y\right)}=2\)
b, Ta có : \(0\le x\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow-2\le x-2\le-1< 0\)
Ta có : \(y=f\left(x\right)=2\left(m-1\right)x+\dfrac{m\left(x-2\right)}{\left(2-x\right)}\)
\(=2\left(m-1\right)x-m< 0\)
TH1 : \(m=1\) \(\Leftrightarrow m>0\)
TH2 : \(m\ne1\) \(\Leftrightarrow x< \dfrac{m}{2\left(m-1\right)}\)
Mà \(0\le x\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{m}{2\left(m-1\right)}>1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{m-2\left(m-1\right)}{2\left(m-1\right)}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2-m}{m-1}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1< m< 2\)
Kết hợp TH1 => m > 0
Vậy ...
\(x^2-2\left(m-1\right)x-m^3+\left(m+1\right)^2=0\)
Để pt có hai nghiệm thỏa mãn
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Delta\ge0\\x_1+x_2=2\left(m-1\right)\le4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\left(m-2\right)\left(m+2\right)\ge0\\m\le3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\in\left[-2;0\right]\cup\left(2;+\infty\right)\cup\left\{2\right\}\\m\le3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow m\in\left[-2;0\right]\cup\left[2;3\right]\)
\(P=x^3_1+x_2^3+x_1x_2\left(3x_1+3x_2+8\right)\)
\(=\left(x_1+x_2\right)^3-3x_1x_2\left(x_1+x_2\right)+3x_1x_1\left(x_1+x_2\right)+8x_1x_2\)
\(=8\left(m-1\right)^3+8\left(-m^3+m^2+2m+1\right)\)
\(=-16m^2+40m\)
Vẽ BBT với \(f\left(m\right)=-16m^2+40m\) ;\(m\in\left[-2;0\right]\cup\left[2;3\right]\)
Tìm được \(f\left(m\right)_{min}=-144\Leftrightarrow m=-2\)
\(f\left(m\right)_{max}=16\Leftrightarrow m=2\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=16;P_{min}=-144\)
Vậy....
\(x^2+y^2-2x-4y-4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-9=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2=9=0^2+3^2=0^2+\left(-3\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y-2=3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=3\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y-2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=-3\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow-2\le x\le4\left(y\in R\right)\)
Ta có \(S=3x+4y\)
Mà \(x\ge-2;y\ge-1\Leftrightarrow S\ge3\cdot\left(-2\right)+4\cdot\left(-1\right)=-6-4=-10\)
Vậy GTNN của S là \(-10\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
ĐKĐB $\Leftrightarrow (x^2-2x+1)+(y^2-4y+4)-9=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2+(y-2)^2-9=0$
$\Rightarrow (x-1)^2=9-(y-2)^2\leq 9$
$\Rightarrow -3\leq x-1\leq 3$
$\Leftrightarrow -2\leq x\leq 4$
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Đặt $x-1=a; y-2=b$ thì bài toán trở thành:
Cho $a,b$ thực thỏa mãn $a^2+b^2=9$
Tìm min $S=3a+4b+11$
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
$(3a+4b)^2\leq (a^2+b^2)(3^2+4^2)=9.25$
$\Rightarrow -15\leq 3a+4b\leq 15$
$\Rightarrow 3a+4b\geq -15$
$\Rightarrow S=3a+4b+11\geq -4$
Vậy $S_{\min}=-4$ khi $x=\frac{-4}{5}; y=\frac{-1}{5}$