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PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\cdot1=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{Zn}=n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,3\cdot65=19,5\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3}=1\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
nAl = 5.4 / 27 = 0.2 (mol)
2Al + 6HCl => 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0.2......0.6............0.2.......0.3
a) VH2 = 0.3 * 22.4 = 6.72 (l)
b) mAlCl3 = 0.2 * 133.5 = 26.7 (g)
c) VddHCl = 0.6 / 1.5 = 0.4 (l)
d) CMAlCl3 = 0.2 / 0.4 = 0.5 (M)
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=0,2\cdot133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\\V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,5}=0,4\left(l\right)=400\left(ml\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)
\(C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)
PTHH: Fe + H₂SO₄ --> FeSO₄ + H₂
200ml = 0,2 lít.
a) Số mol H₂: nH₂ = 6,72 ÷ 22,4 = 0,3 mol
Theo PTHH => Số mol Fe: nFe = 0,3 mol
=> Khối lượng Fe: mFe = 16,8g
b) Số mol H₂SO₄: nH₂SO₄ = 0,3 mol
Nồng độ mol dd: CM = 0,3 ÷ 0,2 = 1,5M
nH2SO4 = 1 . 0,3 = 0,3 mol
Pt: Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
...0,3........0,3.............0,3.........0,3
mFe pứ = 0,3 . 56 = 16,8 (g)
VH2 thoát ra = 0,3 . 22,4 = 6,72 (lít)
CM FeSO4 = \(\dfrac{0,3}{0,3}=1M\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,15.2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{FeCl_2}=127.0,15=19,05\left(g\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ c,C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,02}=15\left(M\right)\)
Sửa lại câu c .
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49.40}{100}:98=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
trc p/u : 0,3 0,2
p/u : 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
sau : 0,1 0 0,2 0,2
-> Fe dư
\(m_{ddFeSO_4}=0,3.56+49-0,4=65,4\left(g\right)\) ( ĐLBTKL )
\(m_{FeSO_4}=0,2.152=30,4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{30,4}{65,4}.100\%\approx46,48\%\)
PTHH :
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(a,m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\)
\(b,C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)
\(c,n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{49.40}{100}}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{FeSO_4}=0,2.152=30,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddFeSO_4}=49+\left(0,2.56\right)-0,2.2=59,8\left(g\right)\)( định luật bảo toàn khối lượng )
\(C\%=\dfrac{30,4}{59,8}.100\%\approx50,84\%\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\a, 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ b,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{6}.0,6=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ c,n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{2}{6}.0,6=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\ d,V_{ddAlCl_3}=V_{ddHCl}=0,3\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(M\right)\)
a: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b: \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n_{Al}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=n_{Al}\cdot M_{Al}=0.1\cdot27=2.7\left(g\right)\)
nH2 = 6.72 / 22.4 = 0.3 (mol)
Mg + H2SO4 => MgSO4 + H2
0.3.......0.3.............0.3........0.3
mMg = 0.3 * 24 = 7.2 (g)
mH2SO4 = 0.3 * 98 = 29.4 (g)
mddH2SO4 = 29.4 * 100 / 19.6 = 150 (g)
mMgSO4 = 0.3 * 120 = 36 (g)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.3\cdot1=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(0.3.....0.3..............0.3...........0.3\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.3\cdot56=16.8\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.3\cdot22.4=6.72\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0.3}{0.3}=1\left(M\right)\)