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3 tháng 2 2018

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(AM-GM\) cho 2 số dương ta có:

\(VT=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}+\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+ab}+\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+ac}\ge\dfrac{3abc}{2abc}+\dfrac{2ab}{c^2+ab}+\dfrac{2bc}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{2ac}{b^2+ac}=\dfrac{3}{2}+2\left(\dfrac{ab}{c^2+ab}+\dfrac{bc}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{ac}{b^2+ac}\right)\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(Cauchy-Schwarz\) \(\dfrac{ab}{c^2+ab}+\dfrac{bc}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{ac}{b^2+ac}=\dfrac{a^2b^2}{c^2ab+a^2b^2}+\dfrac{b^2c^2}{a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\dfrac{a^2c^2}{b^2ac+a^2c^2}\ge\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^2}{c^2ab+a^2b^2+a^2bc+b^2c^2+b^2ac+a^2c^2}\)

Đặt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab=x\\bc=y\\ac=z\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được: \(\dfrac{ab}{c^2+ab}+\dfrac{bc}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{ac}{b^2+ac}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+xz+xy}\ge\dfrac{3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Nên: \(\dfrac{3}{2}+2\left(\dfrac{ab}{c^2+ab}+\dfrac{bc}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{ac}{b^2+ac}\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+2.\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{9}{2}\)

Mà: \(VT\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+2\left(\dfrac{ab}{c^2+ab}+\dfrac{bc}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{ac}{b^2+ac}\right)\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)

AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
4 tháng 2 2018

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có: \(\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}\geq \frac{3\sqrt[3]{a^3b^3c^3}}{2abc}=\frac{3abc}{2abc}=\frac{3}{2}\) (1)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+ab}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+bc}+\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+ac}\geq \frac{(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2})^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac}\) (2)

Có:

\((\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2})^2=2(a^2+b^2+c^2)+2\sqrt{(a^2+b^2)(b^2+c^2)}+2\sqrt{(b^2+c^2)(c^2+a^2)}+\sqrt{(a^2+b^2)(c^2+a^2)}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:

\(\sqrt{(a^2+b^2)(b^2+c^2)}\geq \sqrt{(ac+b^2)^2}=ac+b^2\)

\(\sqrt{(b^2+c^2)(c^2+a^2)}\geq \sqrt{(ba+c^2)^2}=ba+c^2\)

\(\sqrt{(a^2+b^2)(c^2+a^2)}\geq \sqrt{(a^2+bc)^2}=a^2+bc\)

\(\Rightarrow (\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2})^2\geq 2(a^2+b^2+c^2)+2(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac)\)

\(\geq a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac+2(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac)\) (AM-GM)

Hay \((\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2})^2\geq 3(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac)\) (3)

Từ \((2); (3)\Rightarrow \frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+ab}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+bc}+\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+ac}\geq 3\) (4)

Từ \((1); (4)\Rightarrow \frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}+\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+ab}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+bc}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{b^2+ac}\geq \frac{9}{2}\)

Ta có đpcm.

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c$

14 tháng 7 2017

a/ \(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+ac+a^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^4}{a^3+a^2b+ab^2}+\dfrac{b^4}{b^3+b^2c+bc^2}+\dfrac{c^4}{c^3+ac^2+ca^2}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)+b\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)+c\left(c^2+ca+a^2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a+b+c}\)

14 tháng 7 2017

b/ \(\dfrac{a^3}{bc}+\dfrac{b^3}{ac}+\dfrac{c^3}{ab}=\dfrac{a^4}{abc}+\dfrac{b^4}{abc}+\dfrac{c^4}{abc}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3abc}=\dfrac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}.3\sqrt[3]{abc}}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a+b+c}\)

NV
8 tháng 8 2021

\(\dfrac{P}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{2b\left(a+b\right)}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{2c\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{2a\left(a+c\right)}}\)

\(\dfrac{P}{\sqrt{2}}\ge\dfrac{2a}{2b+a+b}+\dfrac{2b}{2c+b+c}+\dfrac{2c}{2a+a+c}\)

\(\dfrac{P}{\sqrt{2}}\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{a+3b}+\dfrac{b}{b+3c}+\dfrac{c}{c+3a}\right)=2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+3ab}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+3bc}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+3ca}\right)\)

\(\dfrac{P}{\sqrt{2}}\ge\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\) (đpcm)

8 tháng 8 2021

\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{ab+b^2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}.a}{\sqrt{2b\left(a+b\right)}}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{2}.a}{\dfrac{2b+a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}a}{a+3b}\)

làm tương tự với \(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{bc+c^2}};\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{ca+a^2}}\)

\(=>P\ge2\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+3b}+\dfrac{b}{b+3c}+\dfrac{c}{c+3a}\right)\)

\(=2\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\right)\)

\(=2\sqrt{2}\left[\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+\dfrac{4}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\dfrac{8}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\right]\)

\(=2\sqrt{2}\left[\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\dfrac{4}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\right]=\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}.3}{4}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

dấu"=" xảy ra<=>a=b=c

NV
25 tháng 3 2022

\(\sum\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{ab+b^2}}=\sum\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2b\left(a+b\right)}}\ge\sum\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}a}{2b+a+b}=2\sqrt{2}\sum\dfrac{a}{a+3b}\)

\(=2\sqrt{2}\sum\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+3ab}\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

NV
17 tháng 4 2021

\(P\ge\dfrac{3abc}{2abc}+\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}}+\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{2}}+\dfrac{c^2+a^2}{b^2+\dfrac{c^2+a^2}{2}}\)

\(P\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+2\left(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{a^2+c^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+a^2+c^2}+\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+b^2+c^2}\right)\)

Đặt \(\left(a^2+b^2;b^2+c^2;a^2+c^2\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+2\left(\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}+2\left(\dfrac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\dfrac{y^2}{yz+xy}+\dfrac{z^2}{xz+yz}\right)\)

\(P\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{xy+yz+zx}=3+\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{9}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

24 tháng 5 2022

\(ab+bc+ac=3\)

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{ab+1}\) ( đúng với mọi \(ab\ge1\))

Giả sử:\(ab\ge1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{ab+1}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2c^2+2+ab+1}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{2c^2+ab+3}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}\)

Giả sử: \(\dfrac{2c^2+ab+3}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)(đúng)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(2c^2+ab+3\right)\ge3\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4c^2+2ab+6\ge3\left(abc^2+ab+c^2+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4c^2+2ab+6\ge3abc^2+3ab+3c^2+3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow c^2-ab-3abc^2+3\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow c^2-ab-3abc^2+ab+ac+bc\ge0\)   ( vì \(ab+ac+bc=3\) )

\(\Leftrightarrow c^2+ac+bc-3abc^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow c+a+b-3abc\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow c+a+b\ge3abc\)

Ta có:

\(3\left(c+a+b\right)=\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\left(c+a+b\right)\) ( vì \(ab+ac+bc=3\) )

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM, ta có:

\(\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\left(c+a+b\right)\ge9abc\)

\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3abc\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{2c^2+ab+3}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\) ( luôn đúng )

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\) ( đfcm )

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

 

 

24 tháng 5 2022

Hình như sai đề rồi bạn ạ, dấu ≥ phải là ≤

13 tháng 10 2021

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a^2}{b}+b\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2}{b}.b}=2a\\\dfrac{b^2}{c}+c\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2}{c}.c}=2b\\\dfrac{c^2}{a}+a\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{c^2}{a}.a}=2c\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}+a+b+c\ge2a+2b+2c\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\ge a+b+c\left(đpcm\right)\)

Dấu "=" xay ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

13 tháng 10 2021

Áp dụng BĐT cosi cho 3 số a,b,c dương:

\(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+b\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2b}{b}}=2a\\ \dfrac{b^2}{c}+c\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2c}{c}}=2b\\ \dfrac{c^2}{a}+a\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{c^2a}{a}}=2c\)

Cộng vế theo vế 3 BĐT trên

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}+a+b+c\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\ge a+b+c\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)