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a) Theo bài ra ta có : \(x+y+z=49\)
\(\dfrac{2x}{3}=\dfrac{3y}{4}=\dfrac{4z}{5}\Rightarrow\dfrac{12x}{18}=\dfrac{12y}{16}=\dfrac{12z}{15}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được :
\(\dfrac{12x}{18}=\dfrac{12y}{16}=\dfrac{12z}{15}\\ =\dfrac{12x+12y+12z}{18+16+15}\\ =\dfrac{12\left(x+y+z\right)}{49}\\ =\dfrac{12\cdot49}{49}\\ =12\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{12x}{18}=12\Rightarrow12x=216\Rightarrow x=18\\\dfrac{12y}{16}=12\Rightarrow12y=192\Rightarrow y=16\\\dfrac{12z}{15}=12\Rightarrow12z=180\Rightarrow z=15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\text{Vậy }x=18\\ y=16\\ z=15\)
b) Theo bài ra ta có : \(2x+3y-z=50\)
\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{4}=\dfrac{3\left(y-2\right)}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được :
\(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-2}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\\ \dfrac{\left(2x-2\right)+\left(3y-6\right)-\left(z-3\right)}{4+9-4}\\ =\dfrac{2x-2+3y-6-z+3}{9}\\ =\dfrac{\left(2x+3y-z\right)-\left(2+6-3\right)}{9}\\ =\dfrac{50-5}{9}\\ =\dfrac{45}{9}\\ =5\\ \)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=5\Rightarrow2x-2=20\Rightarrow2x=22\Rightarrow x=11\\\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=5\Rightarrow3y-6=45\Rightarrow3y=51\Rightarrow y=17\\\dfrac{z-3}{4}=5\Rightarrow z-3=20\Rightarrow z=23\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\text{Vậy }x=11\\ y=17\\ z=23\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Xét \(VT=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{b\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k+1\right)}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{b}{d}\right)^2\left(1\right)\)
Xét \(VP=\dfrac{2a^2+3b^2}{2c^2+3d^2}=\dfrac{2\left(bk\right)^2+3b^2}{2\left(dk\right)^2+3d^2}=\dfrac{2b^2k^2+3b^2}{2d^2k^2+3d^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{b^2\left(2k^2+3\right)}{d^2\left(2k^2+3\right)}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}=\left(\dfrac{b}{d}\right)^2\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\) ta có ĐPCM
Câu 7:
x=2014 nên x-1=2013
\(A=x^{2014}-x^{2013}\left(x-1\right)-x^{2012}\left(x-1\right)-...-x\left(x-1\right)+1\)
\(=x^{2014}-x^{2014}+x^{2013}-x^{2013}+x^{2012}-...-x^2+x+1\)
=x+1
=2014+1=2015
Câu 2:
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{6}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{2-4+6}=\dfrac{8}{8}=1\)
Do đó: x=2; y=4; z=6
Đặt 761=a; 139=b
\(M=\left(3+\dfrac{1}{3b}\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{a+1}-\dfrac{1}{b}\cdot\left(4+\dfrac{a}{a+1}\right)-\dfrac{4}{\left(a+1\right)\cdot3b}+\dfrac{5}{b}\)
\(=\dfrac{9b+1}{3b}\cdot\dfrac{1}{a+1}-\dfrac{1}{b}\cdot\dfrac{4a+4}{a+1}-\dfrac{4}{3b\left(a+1\right)}+\dfrac{5}{b}\)
\(=\dfrac{9b+1-3\left(4a+4\right)-4+15\left(a+1\right)}{3b\left(a+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{9b+1-12a-12-4+15a+15}{3b\left(a+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3a+9b}{3b\left(a+1\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(a+3b\right)}{3b\left(a+1\right)}=\dfrac{a+3b}{b\left(a+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{761+3\cdot139}{139\left(761+1\right)}=\dfrac{589}{52959}\)
Câu 1:
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
a: \(\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2}{d^2k^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{2a^2+3b^2}{2c^2+3d^2}=\dfrac{2b^2k^2+3b^2}{2d^2k^2+3d^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
=>\(\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{2a^2+3b^2}{2c^2+3d^2}\)
b: \(\dfrac{2a-3c}{c}=\dfrac{2bk-3dk}{dk}=\dfrac{2b-3d}{d}\)
a) Với \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{m}{n}\) và \(t,p,q\ne0\Rightarrow\dfrac{ta}{tb}=\dfrac{pc}{pd}=\dfrac{qm}{qn}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{m}{n}=\dfrac{ta+pc+qm}{tb+pd+qn}\)( theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau )
b) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\)( áp dụng theo câu a )
Suy ra \(\dfrac{ta+pb}{ea+fb}=\dfrac{tc+pd}{ec+fd}\)
c) Áp dụng câu b với \(t=3,p=5,e=2,f=-7\) ta có:
\(\dfrac{3a+5b}{2a-7b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{2c-7d}\)
d) \(4x=5y,y=2z\) nên \(4x=5y=10z\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{2}=\dfrac{3x+5y-2z}{3.5+5.4-2.2}=\dfrac{93}{31}=3\)
Lời giải:
a)\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow4a=3b\)
Và \(4a.5=3b.5\Leftrightarrow20a=15b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{20a}{3}=5b\)
Khi đó:
\(A=\dfrac{2a-5b}{a-3b}=\dfrac{2a-\dfrac{20}{3}a}{a-4a}=\dfrac{-\dfrac{14}{3}a}{-3a}=\dfrac{-14}{\dfrac{3}{-3}}=14\)
b) Ta có:
\(a-b=7\Leftrightarrow b=a-7\)
\(B=\dfrac{3a-b}{2a+7}+\dfrac{3b-a}{2b-7}=\dfrac{3a-\left(a-7\right)}{2a+7}+\dfrac{3\left(a-7\right)-a}{2\left(a-7\right)-7}\)
\(B=\dfrac{3a-a+7}{2a+7}+\dfrac{3a-21-a}{2a-14-7}\)
\(B=\dfrac{2a+7}{2a+7}+\dfrac{2a-21}{2a-21}=1+1=2\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{b}{5}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{b}{5}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3k\\b=5k\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{2a-4b}{a-5b}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\cdot3k-4\cdot5k}{3k-5\cdot5k}=\dfrac{6k-20k}{3k-25k}\)
\(=\dfrac{-14k}{-22k}=\dfrac{7}{11}\)