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\(n_{H_2}=\frac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
Pt
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
x 1.5x
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
y y
Ta có 27x + 24y=10.2
1.5x + y=0.5
\(\begin{cases}x=0.2\\y=0.2\end{cases}\)
%mAl = \(\frac{0.2\times27\times100}{10.2}=5.4\left(g\right)\)
%mMg = \(\frac{0.2\times24\times100}{10.2}=4.8\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{0.5}{0.5}=1\left(l\right)\)
c, \(C_{M_{Al2SO43}}=\frac{0.1}{1}=0.1\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{MMgSO4}=\frac{0.2}{1}=0.2\left(M\right)\)
nH2=11.2/22.4=0.5(mol)
2Al+3H2SO4-->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
a 3/2a a/2 3/2a (mol)
Mg+H2SO4-->MgSO4+H2
b b b b (mol)
ta có hệ pt: 3/2a+b=0.5 và 27a+24b=10.2
==> a=0.2, b=0.2
==>%Al=0.2x27x100/10.2=52.94%, %Mg=100%-52.94%=47.06%
b)nH2SO4=3/2x0.2+0.2=0.5(mol)
=>VH2SO4=0.5/0.5=1(M)
c)CMddspu=(0.2/2+0.2)/1=0.3(L)
1. Gọi mol của Mg và Al là x, y mol
=> 24x + 27y = 12,6 (1)
nH2 = 0,6 mol => x + 1,5y = 0,6 (2)
Từ (1) (2) => x = 0,3 ; y = 0,2
=> %Mg = 57,14%
=> %Al = 42,86%
nH2=13,44/22,4=0,6(mol)
Đặt: nMg=a(mol); nAl=b(mol) (a,b>0)
1) PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
a__________a________a_____a(mol)
2Al +3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
b___1,5b______0,5b____1,5b(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=12,6\\a+1,5b=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mMg=0,3.24=7,2(g)
=>%mMg= (7,2/12,6).100=57,143%
=>%mAl=42,857%
2) mMgSO4=120.a=120.0,3=36(g)
mAl2(SO4)3=342.0,5b=342.0,5.0,2= 34,2(g)
mH2SO4= (0,3+0,2.1,5).98=58,8(g)
=>mddH2SO4=58,8: 14,7%=400(g)
=>mddsau= 12,6+400 - 2.0,6= 411,4(g)
=>C%ddAl2(SO4)3= (34,2/411,4).100=8,313%
C%ddMgSO4=(36/411,4).100=8,751%
\(a) n_{Fe_2O_3}= \dfrac{8}{160} = 0,05(mol)\\ Fe_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2FeCl_3 + 3H_2O\\ n_{FeCl_3} = 2n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,1(mol)\\ m_{FeCl_3} = 0,1.162,5 = 16,25(gam)\\ b) n_{HCl} = 6n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,05.6 = 0,3(mol)\\ V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{0,5} = 0,6(lít)\\ c) V_{dd\ sau\ pư} = V_{dd\ HCl} =0,6(lít)\\ C_{M_{FeCl_3}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,6} = 0,167M\)
PTHH:\(Fe_2O_3+HCl\rightarrow FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
a, Bảo toàn nguyên tố Fe:
\(n_{FeCl_3}=n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=2.0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_3}=162,5.0,1=16,25\left(g\right)\)
b, Bảo toàn nguyên tố Cl:
\(n_{Hcl}=n_{Cl}=3n_{FeCl_3}=3.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{n_{HCL}}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
c,\(C_{M_{FeCl_3}}=\dfrac{n_{FeCl_3}}{V_{ddFeCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,6}=0,17M\)
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot24}{16}=75\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{MgO}=25\%\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=\dfrac{16\cdot25\%}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+2n_{MgO}=1,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2\cdot36,5}{20\%}=219\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,5\cdot2=1\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2}=0,6\cdot95=57\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{hhA}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=234\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{57}{234}\cdot100\%\approx24,36\%\)
Cho mình hỏi ở cái PTHH ấy! sao ta không tính số mol ở dưới??
a) Gọi n Zn = a(mol) ; n ZnO = b(mol)
=> 65a + 81b = 14,6(1)
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$ZnO + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2O$
n ZnCl2 = a + b = 27,2/136 = 0,2(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = b = 0,1
%m Zn = 0,1.65/14,6 .100% = 44,52%
%m ZnO = 100% -44,52% = 55,45%
b)
n HCl = 2n Zn + 2n ZnO = 0,4(mol)
m dd HCl = 0,4.36,5/7,3% = 200(gam)
khó nhìn thiệt